A Sociological Issue On South Africa - 1799 Words

In South Africa race took a shift from biology to culture. Because is of its many diverse indigenous groups, race was no longer a difference between Afrikaners and the English but with Zulus, Xhosa and Tswanas. Language was used as a determinant of race. Dubow argues that not much scientifically constructed race has been done in South Africa despite the fact that race has deep-seated roots. This is because many dismissed race as being scientific as it began to appear to be a sociological issue. Science was then pushed aside and race was now seen as a â€Å"social and intellectual construct† (Dubow, 1995: 2-5) from natural science to solely social science resulting from everyday experiences. When we say race is a social construct we disregard any possibility of it being that of a scientific one. It is not something that we are â€Å"born with because of our culture† (Erasmus, 2005: 9), instead, simply out, race is a bunch of meanings that we attach to people. We do not d ispute the fact that there are differences among people. Those differences just run much deeper. By saying race is a social construct this is not to say that it doesn’t exist seeing that it affects our lives; it determines our real life experiences. Saying it is socially constructed means that race is a learnt behaviour and what can be learnt can easily be unlearnt. We say it is constructed because it was used as a basis of division by powerful people who felt superior. Its implications as a construct are still veryShow MoreRelatedThe Concepts Following Sociological Imagination675 Words   |  3 Pages In this essay I’ll be talking about Sociological Imagination and the concepts following it and more especially the importance of it. Sociological Imagination is one of the core concepts of Sociology whereas Sociology is all about studying people within the society and what they do. Sociological imagination is all about using one’s mind to see how people are aff ected by tangible and intangible things around them. Sociological imagination is affected by social forces which are forces that influenceRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination And The Social Issue Of Child Abuse1492 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Sociological Perspective was a concept argued by C. Wright Mills was and still is a valuable tool to help people look at, understand and interpret their everyday lives and social world around them (in which they live). The argued perspective will be discussed through the use of the Sociological Imagination with the Personal Problem of Depression and the Social Issue of Child Abuse with what can be done to solve both of these ‘Dilemmas of Youth’. 2. 1. Sociological Imagination TheRead MoreThe Problem of Racial Discrimination1578 Words   |  6 Pages The reason why they were slaves is because the Jews were seen as inferior to the ancients Egyptians. In the 20th and early 21st centuries, many of the biologically based racial issues were brought to the forefront with the elimination of regimes that supported these kinds of practices (such as: Apartheid in South Africa). (Fredrickson, 2003, pp. 49 105) This is significant, in showing how a transformation is taking place in how society is looking at racism and the ideas of personal responsibilityRead MoreThe Apartheid Of South Africa Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesNelson Mandela and protesters during South Africa s journey away from apartheid. It’s a curious ponder, in fact, that America’s and South Africa’s ascents from racial discrimination were possibly involved with each other. However, while the world may be convinced the nation is out of racist depths, evidence displays the rise fr om discrimination in South Africa is undeniably incomplete. There is a dangerous and unresolved influence of apartheid in South Africa today. After World War 2 was won byRead MoreEducation As A System Of Empowering Learning And Securing Of Data1144 Words   |  5 Pagesunveiled in association with institution, sociological and general enlightment, moreover the talk about African hypothesis as showed by different points of view of the writers, thirdly the article will express the piece of African rationale of guideline in association with Ubuntu, communalism and indigenous knowledge system. As demonstrated by institutional perspective preparing is portrayed by the change of a man in light of institutional experiences. Sociological contains learning something amid theRead MoreSociology as a Perspective 1332 Words   |  6 PagesSociologist argue that â€Å"the sociological perspective is a way of thinking; a form of consciousness that challenges familiar understandings of ourselves and of others, so we can critically asses the truth commonly held assumptions† (Micionis and Plummer 2008:10). This essay supports this statement by analysing and discussing the significance of sociological perspective in our everyday lives. According to Peter L. Berger sociological perspective is described as the link between societal events andRead MoreAmerican South And German Imperialism Essay1257 Words   |  6 PagesAlabama in Africa, written by Andrew Zimmerman, explains the history surrounding the relationship between slavery in the American South as well as in the African vil lage of Togo, run by Germany. He opens with the importance of cotton in America’s social, political, and economic markets. Not only does Zimmerman explain the correlation between cotton and black labor, but he further explains black labor through Booker T. Washington’s Tuskegee Institute. The Tuskegee Institute is a continual conceptRead MoreThe Final Project : Being Black Essay1674 Words   |  7 Pagesare still a minority, they are no longer the largest minority. This population shift has brought its own myriad of obstacles and while a minority, African Americans have had a much different path than immigrants that came later from South and Central America, Africa and Eastern Europe. Keywords: Race realism, diversity, assimilation, multiculturalism, pluralism, separatist pluralism, ethnocentrism, racism, racial profiling, hate groups, hate crime Being Black in America A culture’sRead MoreStirring The Pot : A History Of African Cuisine813 Words   |  4 Pagesprocedures of crafting African cuisines derived from various parts of Africa. McCann wants to illustrate to his audience what African people have consumed over time and examine how their food patterns changed with their geographical location, the seasons, and historical interactions. McCann used a multidisciplinary methodological approach in writing the book. McCann employed a variety of sources including anthropological studies, sociological studies, cookbooks about African dishes, European accounts ofRead MoreA Critical Discussion On Gender, Masculinity, Power, And Gender Politics1656 Words   |  7 PagesJewkes and Lindegger in â€Å"Hegemonic Masculinities/Masculinities in South Africa: Culture, Power, and Gender Politics† (2012), hegemonic masculinity analyses ‘power in conjunction with issues of hierarchy, allowing for differentiation between groups of men who ha d different relations to one another and more or less power in relation to a dominant group’ . Morrell, Jewkes and Lindegger examine hegemonic masculinity within South Africa, a highly patriarchal and violent country, through quantitative research

A Radical Outcome of the American Revolution - 1286 Words

The American Revolution was fought primarily by the common soldier. These common solders were either from the lower or middle class. There are a few reasons as to why such a man would want to join the continental army. One could say he only had his own interests in mind and did it for what monetary gain he could achieve. However what if that was not the main reason many of these soldiers joined the continentals? Instead the major reason they joined and stayed with the continentals was because they believed they were fighting to change their condition and the condition of their very class. Because of the success of the revolution, American culture, social structure and our ideals would radically change leading to the formation of the modern United States. At the beginning of the revolutionary war, the primary motivation of a common man to sign up in the continentals could be said to be for their own monetary gain. This statement would likely be correct as well. Joseph Martin, a revolu tionary war soldier even said himself that he was lured into the war through the thought of putting some coin to his name (Martin, 6). However soon into the war, it was becoming clear that the newly formed United States could not support the costs of equipping, or even paying the colonials. What they were paid was a paper currency that was quickly becoming devalued, not coming even remotely close to what the colonial forces were owed. This was due to the over printing of paper money without aShow MoreRelatedEssay On The French Revolution And American Revolution1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe American and French Revolutions are both unforgettable historical events that have made a substantial and severe impact on the present-day society. The American Revolution was an influential time period, lasting from 1774-1783, where the 13 British colonies in the Americas rebelled against the rule of Great Britain for independence. The French Revolution was a period of chaos from 1789 to 1799, where the people of France tried to overthrow their monarchy, King Louis XVI. Both of these RevolutionsRead MoreRevolution Dbq1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe Revolution was affected before the war commenced.   The Revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people...This radical change in the principles, sentiments, and affections of the people was the real American Revolution.   Explain the meaning of this 1818 statement by John Adams (referring to the Revolutionary era) and assess its validity. Philosophical words, Once Again In a letter to Hezekiah Niles on February 3rd of 1818 John Adams, once again, spoke his mighty, philosophical wordsRead MoreRadical Ideas Of The American Revolution946 Words   |  4 PagesLeading up to the American Revolution, were a chain of events that created a spark in the colonists to obtain independence from Great Britain. The American Revolution could not be tied to one single event but instead by the feelings and determination brought on by this chain of disgraceful actions. Gordon S. Wood explains what he believes caused the rebellion of the American colonists from Great Britain and how those causes help explain the outcomes of the revolution in his essay, â€Å"Radical PossibilitiesRead MoreThe Ideas On Social Reform1072 Words   |  5 Pagesacknowledgment to the very first radical: from all our legends, mythology, and history (and who is to know where mythology leaves off and history begins — or which is which), the first radical known to man who rebelled agai nst the establishment and did it so effectively that he at least won his own kingdom- Lucifer† (Alinsky, Personal Acknowledgement). Saul Alinsky was a social reformer during the Cold War era in American History. He published Rules For Radicals in 1971. As the name implies, theRead MoreAge of Revolutions Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pages) What do you think was the most important outcome of the Age of Revolutions? There have been several vital products of the Age of Revolutions but most importantly was the introduction of post-colonial attitudes with the need of self-governess away from empires overseas. This was achieved through the democracy and constitutions which still are the most important legacy existing in the modern world. It this outcome that societies were able to create influential pieces of works and change how societiesRead MoreKarl Marx : An Influential Philosopher1615 Words   |  7 Pagesand believed that the only way to achieve his goal was through violent revolutions between the bourgeois and the proletariat. Although Marx’s philosophy stems from the societal issues taking place during his time, it is quite interesting to see that some of his biggest concerns—the disappearing middle class and the wealth inequality—are still some of the biggest and most challenging threats we face today. While violent revolution may seem quite extreme and unnecessary to most people in the 21st centuryRead MoreHow serious was the radical threat facing pitt in the period: 1789-18011206 Words   |  5 PagesWas the Radical Threat Facing Pitt In The Period 1789-1801? The French revolution broke out in 1789, and while at first Britain was pleased and welcomed the changes that the revolution brought to France (i.e. the new constitutional monarchy mirrored Britains political system in many ways.) Pitt and his government began to become worried when the revolution in France stepped up a gear and became more extreme, they obviously didnt want a repeat of the French experience in Britain. The outcome of theRead MoreThe War Of The Civil War1723 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil War is by far the bloodiest war in American history. In the four deadly years of war, over six-hundred thousand Americans were killed. Many disputes that led to the civil war. These conflicts started even before the presidency of James Buchanan, who was a Democrat elected in the election of 1856. The issue of slavery, states’ rights, the abolitionist movement, the Southern secession, the raid on Harper’s Ferry, the election of Abraham Lincoln all contributed to the s tart of the Civil WarRead MoreThe Shaping Of Our Country1092 Words   |  5 Pagespivot points that occurred consists of: Jeffersonian democracy, Jacksonian democracy, Civil War/Reconstruction, Revolution/Constitution. However one of them happened to be the most impacting which was the Civil War and Reconstruction. The American Civil War occurred during 1861 to 1865, lasting only five years. America’s bloodiest clash resulting in the death of approximately 620,000 Americans and millions more were injured. In the spring of 1861, the north and south began to rise into conflict overRead MoreThe American And French Revolutions Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesideas were flourishing in both the American and French Revolutions. The Enlightenment perspective consisted of people searching for their social prestige, questioning authorities and believing they could create a new republic. The Americans aimed for independence and the French desired to overthrow their monarchy. The objective in both revolutions were relatively the same, to overthrow and recreate in efforts to achieve national sovereignty. However, the outcomes of the two socials worlds were radically

Kinetic sculptures; phenakistiscope Free Essays

Artwork creations consisting of continuous moving parts or sounds are examples of kinetic sculptures. Windmills, wheels, mobiles, lava lamps and water all may be considered kinetic sculptures. Paintings giving illusions of continuing into the unknown, such as towers leading and combining into another item of the painting use kinetic elements. We will write a custom essay sample on Kinetic sculptures; phenakistiscope or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sculptures containing motion are most commonly referred to as kinetic art. Artists use many scientific elements creating kinetic sculptures. Persistence of vision is a common element used in kinetic sculpturing. Persistence of vision means the human brain fills the blanks between sequential images seen in rapid succession creating an illusion of continuous motion† (Barsamian, July 3, 2006). Film, television and even stage acting adopt persistence of vision techniques making their productions come alive. Often art museums depend on outside affects such as lighting, strobe lights, external lighting, wall coloring and even other artwork to accent the kinetic sculptures. â€Å"Through the use or rotating mechanical armatures and synchronized strobe lights, three dimensional objects move horizontally and vertically and change their shapes in real time. The inspiration for this strange and wonderful world are animation techniques that predate the film such as the zoetrope, flip book and phenakistiscope, all of which are based on the persistence of vision, in other words, after image† (Barsamian, 2006). Moving kinetic sculptures originate with very simple lines, shapes, rectangles, and circles everyone learned before pre-K. Phenakistiscope is a spinning disk reflecting images. The wheel continuously spins as the viewer looks into slits of continuous moving reflections. The symbology of images is left up to what the viewer interprets, incorporating the persistence of vision concept. How to cite Kinetic sculptures; phenakistiscope, Papers

Economic Recession free essay sample

Recessions are a normal part of the business cycle, which constitutes of recurring expansion and contraction of the overall economic cycle associated with changes in employment, income, prices, sales and profits. A business cycle consists of four phases, which include peak, recession, trough, and expansion. Once an economy reaches the peak, which is the maximum point of economic growth, it contracts and initiates a period of recession. Some of the notable recessions in the world history include the great depression of 1930s, which economists attributed to the stock market crash of 1929, and the 1980s recession, which analysts attributed to the shocks in oil prices (Blair 67). The economic recession of 2007 to 2009 was a global crisis that became one of the most hotly debated issues among economists with its detrimental effects spiraling worldwide. Globalization has led to a great interconnection of world economies, and an economic downfall in one part of the world is likely to have spillover effects on almost all other world economies. The extent of the spillover effects of an economic crisis in one country depends on the size of the economy as evident by the 2007 to 2009 recession, which began due to the dramatic increase in the issuance of highly risky mortgages by American banks and a surge in mortgage defaults (Cline 113). In the early 2000s, the anticipation by households, businesses, banks and other lenders that house prices would increase indefinitely encouraged households to buy highly priced houses as banks and other lender significantly lowered their rates. In this regard, there emerged various mortgage plans primarily aimed at low-income earners to induce then to buy homes. The collapse of America’s housing market caused a credit crisis, which began a national problem but spilled over to affect the entire world’s economy. The failure by borrowers to meet their monthly payments forced banks to foreclose on their homes. However, the booming housing market of the early 2000s had collapsed, and banks had too many valueless properties, which translated into large  write-offs, losses and a global banking crisis. The underlying cause of the 2007 to 2009 crisis concerns the structuring of the operations of American banks, which limits their ability to hold many of the mortgages they write forcing the banks to bundle them with other mortgages and sell the bundles to other financial institutions throughout the world (Frumkin 78). Therefore, when the sub-prime crisis developed, financial institutions throughout the world realized that a large portion of the bundles of debt that they had purchased were valueless. As the banks had to write off losses, fear and uncertainty spread regarding banks with bad loans and concerns on the availability of enough capital for banks to pay off debt obligations. Interest rates on inter-bank loans increased as banks became reluctant to lend money to each other, which forced numerous banks to exit the market and initiated a decline in the stock market activity worldwide. Investors transferred their capital resources into haven currencies such as the U.  S dollar and Japanese yen forcing many developing nations to seek aid from the International Monetary Fund to offset their financial deficit (Lounsbury and Paul 245). The financial crisis spread to the emerging economies, which lacked the resources to restore confidence in their financial systems while the underdeveloped countries suffered from a decrease in the foreign aid by wealthy countries. The 2007 to 2009 recession had dramatic effects on unemployment and led to an increase in the unemployment rate from 7percent in 2008 and to around 10 percent in 2009. In addition, the Economic Policy Institute reported that the number of unemployed adults doubled from 5 percent in 2007 to over 10 percent in 2009 and had detrimental effects such as poor nutrition, health care and lack of stable housing. The loss of purchasing power and tightening credit conditions greatly affected individual’s spending and aggravated health statuses by causing psychological depression and anxiety due to long-term unemployment and lower pay scale, which caused an increased in job dissatisfaction (Sherman 85). Although global integration of economies enables effective cooperation between countries, it ties world economies closely together and increases the vulnerability of countries to economic downfalls outside their borders. The recession of 2007 to 2009 was a crisis of confidence, which countries can avoid in the future by adopting measures to safeguard institutions that appear to be at a risk and restore confidence in creditors so that they can feel safe when lending to these institutions. The recession ended in the third quarter of 2009 following the decision by the United States and Europe to finance troubled financial institutions and increment in deposits within banks. Moreover, governments initiated large fiscal stimulus packages such as tax cuts and the International Monetary Fund provided aid to emerging countries to offset their financial deficit. Conclusion The composite index of leading indicators typically foreshadows changes in the direction of the economy while leading economic indicators point to the near occurrence of a recession. For example, in the early stages of a recession, businesses slow down and the stock market, anticipating lower profits, turns down. In addition, the consumer confidence in the economy begins to sag causing a decline household expenditures. However, even with an evaluation of leading economic indicators, economic fluctuations occur irregularly and are almost impossible to predict with accuracy.